Laravel 13.x — Controller

Membuat Controller

Default controller

<?php
 
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
 
use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\View\View;
 
class UserController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Tampilkan profil untuk pengguna tertentu.
     */
    public function show(string $id): View
    {
        return view('user.profile', [
            'user' => User::findOrFail($id)
        ]);
    }
}

Controller di atas dapat digunakan untuk route:

use App\Http\Controllers\UserController;
 
Route::get('/user/{id}', [UserController::class, 'show']);

Single action controller

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

class ProvisionServer extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Provision a new web server.
     */
    public function __invoke()
    {
        // ...
    }
}

Single action controller di atas dapat digunakan untuk route tanpa menyebutkan method:

use App\Http\Controllers\ProvisionServer;

Route::post('/server', ProvisionServer::class);

Menggunakan Middleware pada Controller

Di route

Route::get('/profile', [UserController::class, 'show'])->middleware('auth');

Di controller pakai middleware() method

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Routing\Controllers\HasMiddleware;
use Illuminate\Routing\Controllers\Middleware;

class UserController implements HasMiddleware
{
    /**
     * Get the middleware that should be assigned to the controller.
     */
    public static function middleware(): array
    {
        return [
            'auth',
            new Middleware('log', only: ['index']),
            new Middleware('subscribed', except: ['store']),
        ];
    }

    // ...
}

Di controller pakai atribut Middleware

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Routing\Attributes\Controllers\Middleware;

#[Middleware('auth')]
#[Middleware('log', only: ['index'])]
#[Middleware('subscribed', except: ['store'])]
class UserController
{
    // ...
}

Di controller method pakai atribut Middleware

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Closure;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Routing\Attributes\Controllers\Middleware;

#[Middleware('auth')]
class UserController
{
    #[Middleware('log')]
    #[Middleware('subscribed')]
    public function index()
    {
        // ...
    }

    #[Middleware(static function (Request $request, Closure $next) {
        // ...

        return $next($request);
    })]
    public function store()
    {
        // ...
    }
}

Di controller method pakai atribut Authorize untuk auth

Apabila otorisasi action controller melalui policies, attribute Authorize dapat digunakan sebagai shortcut untuk middleware can:

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\Comment;
use App\Models\Post;
use Illuminate\Routing\Attributes\Controllers\Authorize;

class CommentController
{
    #[Authorize('create', [Comment::class, 'post'])]
    public function store(Post $post)
    {
        // ...
    }

    #[Authorize('delete', 'comment')]
    public function destroy(Comment $comment)
    {
        // ...
    }
}

Argumen pertama adalah ability yang ingin diotorisasi. Argumen kedua adalah model, parameter route, atau sekumpulan parameter yang harus diteruskan ke policy.

Resource controller

Routing ke resource controller

use App\Http\Controllers\PhotoController;
 
// Hanya untuk 1 resource
Route::resource('photos', PhotoController::class);

// Beberapa resource sekaligus
Route::resources([
    'photos' => PhotoController::class,
    'posts' => PostController::class,
]);

Deklarasi route ini otomatis membuat banyak route untuk menangani berbagai tindakan pada setiap resource.

Routing ke resource controller untuk beberapa action saja

use App\Http\Controllers\PhotoController;
 
Route::resource('photos', PhotoController::class)->only([
    'index', 'show'
]);
 
Route::resource('photos', PhotoController::class)->except([
    'create', 'store', 'update', 'destroy'
]);

Routing ke resource controller untuk API

use App\Http\Controllers\PhotoController;
 
Route::apiResource('photos', PhotoController::class);

use App\Http\Controllers\PhotoController;
use App\Http\Controllers\PostController;
 
Route::apiResources([
    'photos' => PhotoController::class,
    'posts' => PostController::class,
]);

Routing ke resource controller yang bisa soft delete

Route::softDeletableResources([
    'photos' => PhotoController::class,
    'posts' => PostController::class,
]);

Handle missing model

Kalau tidak di-handle misalnya seperti di bawah ini, secara default, missing model akan di-redirect ke 404 error page.

use App\Http\Controllers\PhotoController;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Redirect;

Route::resource('photos', PhotoController::class)
    ->missing(function (Request $request) {
        return Redirect::route('photos.index');
    });

Handle missing model (soft deleted)

Mengizinkan soft deleted models untuk rute resource show, edit, dan update:

use App\Http\Controllers\PhotoController;

Route::resource('photos', PhotoController::class)->withTrashed();

Hanya untuk rute show:

Route::resource('photos', PhotoController::class)->withTrashed(['show']);

Perintah PHP Artisan

Membuat controller

php artisan make:controller UserController

Membuat single action controller / invokable controller

php artisan make:controller ProvisionServer --invokable

Membuat resource controller

# Tanpa menyebutkan model
php artisan make:controller PhotoController --resource

# Dengan menyebutkan model
php artisan make:controller PhotoController --model=Photo --resource

# Menghasilkan form request classes untuk method store dan update
php artisan make:controller PhotoController --model=Photo --resource --requests

• Menghasilkan controller di app/Http/Controllers/PhotoController.php.
• Controller tersebut akan berisi method untuk setiap operasi resource yang tersedia.
• Controller yang dihasilkan sudah akan memiliki method stub untuk masing-masing tindakan ini.

Membuat resource controller untuk API

php artisan make:controller PhotoController --api.................................